Emergency rescue includes pre earthquake emergency defense and post earthquake emergency rescue.

1. Pre earthquake emergency refers to the preparation of various emergency shelters and post earthquake rescue and relief work according to the earthquake emergency plan before the earthquake occurs. The so-called earthquake emergency plan refers to a pre established plan before a destructive earthquake occurs, involving emergency evacuation, emergency rescue, and disaster relief during and after the earthquake disaster. Earthquake emergency plans usually plan or specify the division of responsibilities, preparation, and emergency response of personnel during earthquakes, and specify how to initiate emergency response. The formulation of China’s earthquake emergency plan adheres to the principle of “vertical to the bottom and horizontal to the edge”. Vertically, people’s governments at all levels have formulated earthquake emergency plans, and horizontally, government departments, enterprises, and institutions in various industries are required to develop earthquake emergency plans, becoming a refinement of earthquake emergency plans for governments at the same level. At present, the earthquake emergency plan has covered all regions, departments, and grassroots organizations in China, and the national earthquake emergency plan system with the “National Earthquake Emergency Plan” as the core has been basically formed.
2. Post earthquake emergency rescue mainly refers to the rapid determination of the earthquake (time, location, magnitude) and the possible level of earthquake disasters after a destructive earthquake, organizing and implementing the local earthquake emergency plan, and carrying out emergency rescue and disaster relief work. Emergency rescue and disaster relief include disaster relief, secondary disaster management, lifeline engineering rescue and emergency resettlement of disaster victims, rescue and epidemic prevention of the wounded and sick, restoration of normal production and social order, etc.